Pine
Few are all together deaf to the preaching of pine trees. Their sermons go right into our hearts. And if people, in general could be gotten into the woods, even for once, to hear the trees speak for themselves, all difficulties in the way of forest preservation would vanish. (John Muir)
Keywords:
Immortal, Mystical, Perception, Growth, Generosity, Strength, Love, Connection, Perfection
Earth’s record-keeper, Pine has taught me:
If something is on your path, it is your medicine;
A remedy of timing, opportunity, patience, and faith;
It draws out and helps to heal our deepest wounds; and
Love is the truest healer
“The limbs of pine grow in a spiral upward, letting go of old growth (branches) as its life is at the growing top, it reaches for the light, from the dark forest floor below. Its needle-like leaves are also light and likened to transmitters sending out information. Dense pine forests can be dark but hold openness in the undergrowth and offers many a light, cool & refreshing energy.”
(Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs)
Description:
Pinus is a beautiful genus of coniferous evergreen trees with over 144 species. (At least 60 of the known species of Pine are indigenous to America, all of which can be used medicinally) Fossil records indicate that coniferous trees have been around for over 200 million years. They now make up about 1% of the plant population of the earth, and most regions in the northern hemisphere have their own species. Pines are closely related to cedars, junipers, and firs, which are also conifers, but with their needles arranged differently. Pinus needles are in bundles of two or more (depending on the specific species) wrapped in a paper-like sheath at the base of each needle cluster. The needles vary in size but tend to be longer than those on spruce or fir trees. Pine cones are woody and brittle. They stand upright from the branch instead of dangling down. Pines can be found growing all over the world, in a variety of climates and elevations.
Pines are tenacious survivors in difficult environments and exceptionally long lived, typically reaching ages of 100–1,000 years, some even more. The world's oldest living organism is a pine around 4,700 years old. This ancient one, Great Basin Bristlecone Pine, lives in the White Mountains of northern California. Its cousin living nearby (sadly cut down) was dated at 4,900 years old. Remains of trees born 7,000 years ago stand nearby. (Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs)
Sacred: The Pineal gland is symbolized by and named after the pine cone. Use of pine helps awaken the third eye (Ajna) chakra and pineal gland, which in turn opens doorways to perception and awareness. Pine also resonates to frequency of love and the heart center.
“Between every two pines is a doorway to a new world” (John Muir)
Parts Used: needles, seeds, bark, resin, pollen
Actions: anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-tumor, analgesic, anti-catarrhal, nutritive (nuts, pollen, and needle), androgenic (pollen), antimicrobial, purgative (boiled bark), immunomodulatory, carminative, diuretic, insecticidal, lymphatic, anti-aging (contains dhea), anti-catarrhal
Energetics: Aromatic, Warming and Drying
Pine is a warming medicine best utilized in cold and tense symptom patterns. It is relaxing and also stimulating, and also drying, tightening, toning and building of tissue integrity.
Culinary: Pine Nuts (not actually a nut, a seed rather) may be eaten raw, in pestos, and cooked into dishes. Budding Pine Needles plucked in the spring when they are non-woody and bright green may be eaten in salads or sautéed.
Collection: Collect needles and bark from fallen trees. Resin may be collected when it is found (found on trees that have been trimmed or otherwise “deeply injured.” Please be aware Pine Resin is akin to the tree’s own blood and that the resin is being utilized to heal the tree’s wounds. Rather than take resin that is being utilized in the active repair phase of the tree, look for resin that has dripped down to the base of the tree or choose older resin in areas of the tree that appear to have completed the healing process (in these areas the resin is in a more solid dried up state.)
Pine Flower Essence:
As a flower remedy Pine develops the soul’s potential for self-acceptance and self-forgiveness; the freedom to move forward, despite past mistakes.
In the words of Dr. Bach, Pine is “for those who blame themselves. Even when successful they think that they could have done better, and are never content with their efforts or the results. They are hard-working and suffer much from the faults they attach to themselves. Sometimes if there is any mistake it is due to another, but they will claim responsibility even for that.”
- The Twelve Healers and Other Remedies
Methods of Preparation:
Needles & Sheathes: Infusion, Vinegar
Herbalist Susun Weed recommends a delicious vinegar tincture to extract and preserve the magic of pine needles in her article “Pine Keeps You Fine”: I preserve all the vitamins found in fresh pine needles by soaking them in apple cider vinegar for six weeks. I fill a wide-mouthed jar with pine needles and pour room-temperature, pasteurized apple cider vinegar over them until they are completely covered. A plastic (or non-metal) lid and a label with the name of the plant and the date completes the preparation. I call this tasty vinegar “home-made balsamic vinegar” and you will be surprised at how much it tastes like the store bought stuff — “Only better,” say many, with a smile.
Sap: Salves, Poultices, Liniments & Topical Preparations
Herbalist Thomas Easley reveres the many applications for pine sap in his article “Five Emergency Medicinal Herbs”: When a Pine tree gets injured sap oozes out of the injury and dries into an almost solid ball of resin. This thickened sap protects the trees from infection by insects, bacteria and fungus. Just like the pine tree uses this tarry substance to prevent infections to its injured areas, we can use it in the same manner. Pine sap and resin are strongly antibacterial and antifungal. Besides killing off harmful critters that like to live in open wounds and create infection, pine sap helps to stop bleeding and draws pus, splinters and anything else that doesn’t belong out of open wounds. So, as you are walking in the forest keep your eyes open for clear sap oozing out of Pine trees and cones or tarry balls covering old scars. The thicker tarry balls will normally soften up when warmed by your body temperature and both the softened tar balls and the clear sap can be applied directly to any cut or wound. You can also take the sap and dissolve it in a little high proof alcohol. This dissolved pine sap can be sprayed onto wounds to help seal them from infection and also can be sprayed directly onto the back of the throat to help with strep and sore throat.
Preparation of Pine Oil and other topical applications: Heat oil and add pine resin. After resin is absorbed into oil add beeswax to stabilize and emulsify. Add essential oils prior to setting.
Medicinal Parts of Pine:
Pine is a generous mother—it shares its medicine from almost every part of itself.
Pine Needles
“Pine is a perfect aromatic bitter to add to bitter mixes for people with stagnant, wet digestion paired with depression; it comes with an almost immediate uplifting effect. I would guess this is because of the aromatic nature of the plant. I have actually found it to be so effective that I only have to include pine in the first round of bitters. When the client comes back for more, I can usually move them to a formula without pine, and they continue feeling much better than before.” (Klenner)
Pine Bark
Like the needles, pine bark is extremely high in antioxidants and vitamin C, and it’s easier to store for long periods of time. It has recently been studied for its effects against cancer, heart disease, blood clotting disorders, varicose veins and more.
Pine Resin
Resin is not sap, but a different substance that functions as the tree’s immune system. Because resin is so important to the health of the tree, we need to be conscious when harvesting it. Never harvest resin directly from a tree’s wound. It will drip down the side of the pine and onto the ground. Feel free to harvest that resin on the ground, but leave the tree’s wound/scab alone so that it might stay healthy and heal.
Amber
Amber, or succinum, is fossilized pine resin millions of years old. It is an herb, fossil, rock, and gem all in one. As an herb, it’s used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and its Chinese name is Hu Po, which translates to “tiger soul.” In TCM, succinum is considered a heavy and settling sedative with several specific indications: subduing fright, tranquilizing the mind, and relieving convulsions (it’s even used in children’s epilepsy formulas), alleviating water retention, promoting urination, promoting blood circulation, and removing stagnation, plus it’s a qi blood tonic.
Used to “anchor, settle and calm the spirit,” it works on an energetic level as well as a biochemical one.
In Chinese Medicine Amber is associated with the wood element, which aligns with the inside of the spinal cord, the chakras, and the internal organs.
A pine tree has to have a deep and dramatic wound to exude resin, and as the resin seeps from the tree, it picks up debris. This debris is held in the resin, fossilized over millions of years, and held tight. That’s how amber is formed. It is like a tiger (a symbol of qi or life force) stuck in a cage pacing back and forth, back and forth, waiting to escape. By crushing the amber and allowing it to burn, we release the tiger within. Think of that as a metaphor for all that traumatic debris caught in our deepest and darkest places! By releasing our tiger, we release our soul, our ability to create, and it helps us grow on our spiritual axis toward the heavens.
When using amber as an incense, it can cause deep, buried psychological stuff to come to the surface; and it has the ability to release painful memories and trauma, so amber should only be used by those who are able to work through their buried and crystalized damage, and are ready to move to the next level of emotional and spiritual healing. (Klenner)
Pine Pollen
Pine pollen is another preparation used in Chinese Medicine. It’s also used in Korea as a whole-body tonic, and as a food that increases vitality. It comes from the catkins or male reproductive organs of the pine tree. Every spring to early summer, pines will produce massive amounts of pollen that are spread throughout the area. In his book, Pine Pollen: Ancient Medicine for a New Millennium, Stephen Buhner distinguishes between including pine pollen in food, where the health benefits are that of a tonic, nutritive, adaptogen, antioxidant, immune and endocrine tropho-restorative, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antitumor, anti-cholesteremic, and hepato-tonic; versus consuming a liquid extract made in 95% alcohol, which is used primarily by men after andropause to increase testosterone levels in the blood. He is careful to clarify that pine pollen, as a daily additive to food, is a wonderful overall tonic for anybody, but the tincture should only be used by men trying to increase testosterone levels.
“In short, pine pollen is a potent source of natural androgens, including testosterone androgen mimics, it is a great nutritional source, especially of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, and it is an excellent general tonic for the human body, useful in preventing or alleviating a number of conditions common to aging” – Stephen Harrod Buhner Pine Pollen: Ancient Medicine for a Modern World
Pine Nuts
Pine nuts are delicious and nutritious, containing vitamins B1, B2, B6, E, C, D2, D3, A, nicotinamide, folic acid, B-carotin, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium.
Uses and Benefits:
According to Michael Moore in his classic herbal Medicinal Plants of the Southwest, “Pine needles make a very pleasant tea simply for the taste, and have a mild diuretic and expectorant function as well. The inner bark boiled slowly for tea and sweetened with honey is still stronger as an expectorant…the pitch is the most specific of all; a piece the size of a currant is chewed and swallowed. This is followed shortly afterwards by strong, fruitful expectoration and a general softening of the bronchial mucus.”
In Japan, a small study was conducted which demonstrated the beneficial effects of forest (a term used to describe going into the forest and breathing deeply) and ability to enhance natural killer T-cell production in the body. After 6 hours in the forest over the course of two days, every single participant’s natural T-cell activity was increased by 50%. This potent immunomodulating activity occurred as a result of simply spending time in a coniferous forest—a true testament to the healing power found in simply being in nature.
(More) Uses and Benefits:
With a pleasing taste and scent, Pine needle tea is rich in vitamin C (5 times the concentration of vitamin C found in lemons) and can bring relief to conditions such as heart disease, varicose veins, skin complaints and fatigue
Boosts the immune system
Pine also contains high levels of Vitamin A, beneficial to eyesight, and improves hair and skin regeneration and improves red blood cell production
Used as an expectorant for coughs and to help relieve chest congestion; it is also good for sore throats
Depression: Pine brings peace; spiritual and mental clarity
Cancer: Pine needle tea has strong antimutagenic, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties; which help in preventing cancer producing cells; anti-tumor effects
Obesity
Allergies
Chapped Hands: “Rub some pine resin on ‘em”
Enhances oxygen absorption (especially useful with Asthma)
High blood pressure
Contains antioxidants, reducing free radicals
Taoist priests drank pine needle tea as they believed it made them live longer (“Making their bodies light and capable of flight”)
Cautions and Contraindication: Pine is considered very safe (Safety class 1 and interaction class A); although:
The volatile oils in pine needles and bark may be hard on the kidneys when taken over long periods of time
Pine bark decoction taken in large quantities is a purgative
Pine resin and amber may stress the digestive tract when taken internally without a balanced formula
Avoid tea in HIGH doses during pregnancy (due to high Vitamin C content)
Michael Moore notes that frequent use can irritate the kidneys and strong tea and pitch should not be taken for kidney inflammation
Immortal, Mystical, Perception, Growth, Generosity, Strength, Love, Connection, Perfection
Earth’s record-keeper, Pine has taught me:
If something is on your path, it is your medicine;
A remedy of timing, opportunity, patience, and faith;
It draws out and helps to heal our deepest wounds; and
Love is the truest healer
“The limbs of pine grow in a spiral upward, letting go of old growth (branches) as its life is at the growing top, it reaches for the light, from the dark forest floor below. Its needle-like leaves are also light and likened to transmitters sending out information. Dense pine forests can be dark but hold openness in the undergrowth and offers many a light, cool & refreshing energy.”
(Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs)
Description:
Pinus is a beautiful genus of coniferous evergreen trees with over 144 species. (At least 60 of the known species of Pine are indigenous to America, all of which can be used medicinally) Fossil records indicate that coniferous trees have been around for over 200 million years. They now make up about 1% of the plant population of the earth, and most regions in the northern hemisphere have their own species. Pines are closely related to cedars, junipers, and firs, which are also conifers, but with their needles arranged differently. Pinus needles are in bundles of two or more (depending on the specific species) wrapped in a paper-like sheath at the base of each needle cluster. The needles vary in size but tend to be longer than those on spruce or fir trees. Pine cones are woody and brittle. They stand upright from the branch instead of dangling down. Pines can be found growing all over the world, in a variety of climates and elevations.
Pines are tenacious survivors in difficult environments and exceptionally long lived, typically reaching ages of 100–1,000 years, some even more. The world's oldest living organism is a pine around 4,700 years old. This ancient one, Great Basin Bristlecone Pine, lives in the White Mountains of northern California. Its cousin living nearby (sadly cut down) was dated at 4,900 years old. Remains of trees born 7,000 years ago stand nearby. (Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs)
Sacred: The Pineal gland is symbolized by and named after the pine cone. Use of pine helps awaken the third eye (Ajna) chakra and pineal gland, which in turn opens doorways to perception and awareness. Pine also resonates to frequency of love and the heart center.
“Between every two pines is a doorway to a new world” (John Muir)
Parts Used: needles, seeds, bark, resin, pollen
Actions: anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-tumor, analgesic, anti-catarrhal, nutritive (nuts, pollen, and needle), androgenic (pollen), antimicrobial, purgative (boiled bark), immunomodulatory, carminative, diuretic, insecticidal, lymphatic, anti-aging (contains dhea), anti-catarrhal
Energetics: Aromatic, Warming and Drying
Pine is a warming medicine best utilized in cold and tense symptom patterns. It is relaxing and also stimulating, and also drying, tightening, toning and building of tissue integrity.
Culinary: Pine Nuts (not actually a nut, a seed rather) may be eaten raw, in pestos, and cooked into dishes. Budding Pine Needles plucked in the spring when they are non-woody and bright green may be eaten in salads or sautéed.
Collection: Collect needles and bark from fallen trees. Resin may be collected when it is found (found on trees that have been trimmed or otherwise “deeply injured.” Please be aware Pine Resin is akin to the tree’s own blood and that the resin is being utilized to heal the tree’s wounds. Rather than take resin that is being utilized in the active repair phase of the tree, look for resin that has dripped down to the base of the tree or choose older resin in areas of the tree that appear to have completed the healing process (in these areas the resin is in a more solid dried up state.)
Pine Flower Essence:
As a flower remedy Pine develops the soul’s potential for self-acceptance and self-forgiveness; the freedom to move forward, despite past mistakes.
In the words of Dr. Bach, Pine is “for those who blame themselves. Even when successful they think that they could have done better, and are never content with their efforts or the results. They are hard-working and suffer much from the faults they attach to themselves. Sometimes if there is any mistake it is due to another, but they will claim responsibility even for that.”
- The Twelve Healers and Other Remedies
Methods of Preparation:
Needles & Sheathes: Infusion, Vinegar
Herbalist Susun Weed recommends a delicious vinegar tincture to extract and preserve the magic of pine needles in her article “Pine Keeps You Fine”: I preserve all the vitamins found in fresh pine needles by soaking them in apple cider vinegar for six weeks. I fill a wide-mouthed jar with pine needles and pour room-temperature, pasteurized apple cider vinegar over them until they are completely covered. A plastic (or non-metal) lid and a label with the name of the plant and the date completes the preparation. I call this tasty vinegar “home-made balsamic vinegar” and you will be surprised at how much it tastes like the store bought stuff — “Only better,” say many, with a smile.
Sap: Salves, Poultices, Liniments & Topical Preparations
Herbalist Thomas Easley reveres the many applications for pine sap in his article “Five Emergency Medicinal Herbs”: When a Pine tree gets injured sap oozes out of the injury and dries into an almost solid ball of resin. This thickened sap protects the trees from infection by insects, bacteria and fungus. Just like the pine tree uses this tarry substance to prevent infections to its injured areas, we can use it in the same manner. Pine sap and resin are strongly antibacterial and antifungal. Besides killing off harmful critters that like to live in open wounds and create infection, pine sap helps to stop bleeding and draws pus, splinters and anything else that doesn’t belong out of open wounds. So, as you are walking in the forest keep your eyes open for clear sap oozing out of Pine trees and cones or tarry balls covering old scars. The thicker tarry balls will normally soften up when warmed by your body temperature and both the softened tar balls and the clear sap can be applied directly to any cut or wound. You can also take the sap and dissolve it in a little high proof alcohol. This dissolved pine sap can be sprayed onto wounds to help seal them from infection and also can be sprayed directly onto the back of the throat to help with strep and sore throat.
Preparation of Pine Oil and other topical applications: Heat oil and add pine resin. After resin is absorbed into oil add beeswax to stabilize and emulsify. Add essential oils prior to setting.
Medicinal Parts of Pine:
Pine is a generous mother—it shares its medicine from almost every part of itself.
Pine Needles
“Pine is a perfect aromatic bitter to add to bitter mixes for people with stagnant, wet digestion paired with depression; it comes with an almost immediate uplifting effect. I would guess this is because of the aromatic nature of the plant. I have actually found it to be so effective that I only have to include pine in the first round of bitters. When the client comes back for more, I can usually move them to a formula without pine, and they continue feeling much better than before.” (Klenner)
Pine Bark
Like the needles, pine bark is extremely high in antioxidants and vitamin C, and it’s easier to store for long periods of time. It has recently been studied for its effects against cancer, heart disease, blood clotting disorders, varicose veins and more.
Pine Resin
Resin is not sap, but a different substance that functions as the tree’s immune system. Because resin is so important to the health of the tree, we need to be conscious when harvesting it. Never harvest resin directly from a tree’s wound. It will drip down the side of the pine and onto the ground. Feel free to harvest that resin on the ground, but leave the tree’s wound/scab alone so that it might stay healthy and heal.
Amber
Amber, or succinum, is fossilized pine resin millions of years old. It is an herb, fossil, rock, and gem all in one. As an herb, it’s used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and its Chinese name is Hu Po, which translates to “tiger soul.” In TCM, succinum is considered a heavy and settling sedative with several specific indications: subduing fright, tranquilizing the mind, and relieving convulsions (it’s even used in children’s epilepsy formulas), alleviating water retention, promoting urination, promoting blood circulation, and removing stagnation, plus it’s a qi blood tonic.
Used to “anchor, settle and calm the spirit,” it works on an energetic level as well as a biochemical one.
In Chinese Medicine Amber is associated with the wood element, which aligns with the inside of the spinal cord, the chakras, and the internal organs.
A pine tree has to have a deep and dramatic wound to exude resin, and as the resin seeps from the tree, it picks up debris. This debris is held in the resin, fossilized over millions of years, and held tight. That’s how amber is formed. It is like a tiger (a symbol of qi or life force) stuck in a cage pacing back and forth, back and forth, waiting to escape. By crushing the amber and allowing it to burn, we release the tiger within. Think of that as a metaphor for all that traumatic debris caught in our deepest and darkest places! By releasing our tiger, we release our soul, our ability to create, and it helps us grow on our spiritual axis toward the heavens.
When using amber as an incense, it can cause deep, buried psychological stuff to come to the surface; and it has the ability to release painful memories and trauma, so amber should only be used by those who are able to work through their buried and crystalized damage, and are ready to move to the next level of emotional and spiritual healing. (Klenner)
Pine Pollen
Pine pollen is another preparation used in Chinese Medicine. It’s also used in Korea as a whole-body tonic, and as a food that increases vitality. It comes from the catkins or male reproductive organs of the pine tree. Every spring to early summer, pines will produce massive amounts of pollen that are spread throughout the area. In his book, Pine Pollen: Ancient Medicine for a New Millennium, Stephen Buhner distinguishes between including pine pollen in food, where the health benefits are that of a tonic, nutritive, adaptogen, antioxidant, immune and endocrine tropho-restorative, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antitumor, anti-cholesteremic, and hepato-tonic; versus consuming a liquid extract made in 95% alcohol, which is used primarily by men after andropause to increase testosterone levels in the blood. He is careful to clarify that pine pollen, as a daily additive to food, is a wonderful overall tonic for anybody, but the tincture should only be used by men trying to increase testosterone levels.
“In short, pine pollen is a potent source of natural androgens, including testosterone androgen mimics, it is a great nutritional source, especially of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, and it is an excellent general tonic for the human body, useful in preventing or alleviating a number of conditions common to aging” – Stephen Harrod Buhner Pine Pollen: Ancient Medicine for a Modern World
Pine Nuts
Pine nuts are delicious and nutritious, containing vitamins B1, B2, B6, E, C, D2, D3, A, nicotinamide, folic acid, B-carotin, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium.
Uses and Benefits:
According to Michael Moore in his classic herbal Medicinal Plants of the Southwest, “Pine needles make a very pleasant tea simply for the taste, and have a mild diuretic and expectorant function as well. The inner bark boiled slowly for tea and sweetened with honey is still stronger as an expectorant…the pitch is the most specific of all; a piece the size of a currant is chewed and swallowed. This is followed shortly afterwards by strong, fruitful expectoration and a general softening of the bronchial mucus.”
In Japan, a small study was conducted which demonstrated the beneficial effects of forest (a term used to describe going into the forest and breathing deeply) and ability to enhance natural killer T-cell production in the body. After 6 hours in the forest over the course of two days, every single participant’s natural T-cell activity was increased by 50%. This potent immunomodulating activity occurred as a result of simply spending time in a coniferous forest—a true testament to the healing power found in simply being in nature.
(More) Uses and Benefits:
With a pleasing taste and scent, Pine needle tea is rich in vitamin C (5 times the concentration of vitamin C found in lemons) and can bring relief to conditions such as heart disease, varicose veins, skin complaints and fatigue
Boosts the immune system
Pine also contains high levels of Vitamin A, beneficial to eyesight, and improves hair and skin regeneration and improves red blood cell production
Used as an expectorant for coughs and to help relieve chest congestion; it is also good for sore throats
Depression: Pine brings peace; spiritual and mental clarity
Cancer: Pine needle tea has strong antimutagenic, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties; which help in preventing cancer producing cells; anti-tumor effects
Obesity
Allergies
Chapped Hands: “Rub some pine resin on ‘em”
Enhances oxygen absorption (especially useful with Asthma)
High blood pressure
Contains antioxidants, reducing free radicals
Taoist priests drank pine needle tea as they believed it made them live longer (“Making their bodies light and capable of flight”)
Cautions and Contraindication: Pine is considered very safe (Safety class 1 and interaction class A); although:
The volatile oils in pine needles and bark may be hard on the kidneys when taken over long periods of time
Pine bark decoction taken in large quantities is a purgative
Pine resin and amber may stress the digestive tract when taken internally without a balanced formula
Avoid tea in HIGH doses during pregnancy (due to high Vitamin C content)
Michael Moore notes that frequent use can irritate the kidneys and strong tea and pitch should not be taken for kidney inflammation
Pine Tree Tops
In the blue night
frost haze, the sky glows
with the moon
pine tree tops
bend snow-blue, fade
into sky, front, starlight.
The crack of boots.
Rabbit tracks, deer tracks,
What do we know.
(Gary Snyder)
In the blue night
frost haze, the sky glows
with the moon
pine tree tops
bend snow-blue, fade
into sky, front, starlight.
The crack of boots.
Rabbit tracks, deer tracks,
What do we know.
(Gary Snyder)
From the Apothecary
Fallout Remedy, Gland Tune-Up, Yang Men's Tonic, and Yin Women's Tonic all feature Pine or Pine Pollen.
Resources & Recommended
Additional Sources Cited:
Horne, T. E. (2016). The Modern Herbal Dispensary. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books.
Klenner, A. (n.d.). Pine Herbal Monograph. Retrieved from Natural Herbal Living: https://naturalherballiving.com/author/amanda/
Moore, M. (1979). Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press.
Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/392416064/Pine-Pinus-Sp-materia-medica-herbs
Horne, T. E. (2016). The Modern Herbal Dispensary. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books.
Klenner, A. (n.d.). Pine Herbal Monograph. Retrieved from Natural Herbal Living: https://naturalherballiving.com/author/amanda/
Moore, M. (1979). Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press.
Pine Pinus Sp materia medica herbs. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/392416064/Pine-Pinus-Sp-materia-medica-herbs